Table of Contents
140 relations: Alphabet, Ancient Egypt, Anglo-Saxon runes, Antiqua (typeface class), ASCII, Aspirated consonant, Ɓ, Ƃ, B (hieroglyph), B (musical note), B with flourish, B♭ (musical note), Be (Cyrillic), Berkanan, Bet (letter), Beta, Biblical Archaeology Review, Bilabial consonant, Birch, Bitcoin, Blackletter, Boron, Byte, C (musical note), Capitalization, Carolingian minuscule, Chemical element, Chromatic scale, CJK characters, Cnut, Code point, Combining character, Consonant, Consonant cluster, Coptic script, Cyrillic script, Danish language, Decibel, Decimal, Diacritic, Digraph (orthography), Dot (diacritic), Egyptian hieroglyphs, Elder Futhark, English alphabet, English orthography, English-speaking world, Estonian language, Etymology, Ƀ, ... Expand index (90 more) »
Alphabet
An alphabet is a standard set of letters written to represent particular sounds in a spoken language.
See B and Alphabet
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeast Africa.
Anglo-Saxon runes
Anglo-Saxon runes or Anglo-Frisian runes are runes that were used by the Anglo-Saxons and Medieval Frisians (collectively called Anglo-Frisians) as an alphabet in their native writing system, recording both Old English and Old Frisian (rūna, ᚱᚢᚾᚪ, "rune").
Antiqua (typeface class)
Antiqua is a style of typeface used to mimic styles of handwriting or calligraphy common during the 15th and 16th centuries.
See B and Antiqua (typeface class)
ASCII
ASCII, an acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character encoding standard for electronic communication.
See B and ASCII
Aspirated consonant
In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents.
Ɓ
Ɓ (minuscule: ɓ), called "B-hook" or "B with a hook", is a letter of the Latin alphabet and the International African Alphabet.
See B and Ɓ
Ƃ
Ƃ (minuscule: ƃ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet.
See B and Ƃ
B (hieroglyph)
The ancient Egyptian b-hieroglyph (Gardiner D58) represents a foot or lower leg.
B (musical note)
B, also known as Si, Ti, or, in some European countries, H, is the seventh note and the twelfth semitone of the fixed-Do solfège.
B with flourish
B with flourish (Ꞗ, ꞗ) is the Unicode name for the third letter of the Middle Vietnamese alphabet, sorted between B and C. The B with flourish has a rounded hook that starts halfway up the stem (where the top of the bowl meets the ascender) and curves about 180 degrees counterclockwise, ending below the bottom-left corner.
B♭ (musical note)
B (B-flat), or, in some European countries, B, is the eleventh step of the Western chromatic scale (starting from C).
Be (Cyrillic)
Be (Б б or Ƃ, δ; italics: Б б or Ƃ, δ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.
Berkanan
Berkanan is the reconstructed Proto-Germanic name of the b rune, meaning "birch".
See B and Berkanan
Bet (letter)
Bet, Beth, Beh, or Vet is the second letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician bēt 𐤁, Hebrew bēt ב, Aramaic bēṯ 𐡁, Syriac bēṯ ܒ, and Arabic bāʾ ب.
Beta
Beta (uppercase, lowercase, or cursive; bē̂ta or víta) is the second letter of the Greek alphabet.
See B and Beta
Biblical Archaeology Review
Biblical Archaeology Review is a magazine appearing every three months and sometimes referred to as BAR that seeks to connect the academic study of archaeology to a broad general audience seeking to understand the world of the Bible, the Near East, and the Middle East (Syro-Palestine and the Levant).
See B and Biblical Archaeology Review
Bilabial consonant
In phonetics, a bilabial consonant is a labial consonant articulated with both lips.
Birch
A birch is a thin-leaved deciduous hardwood tree of the genus Betula, in the family Betulaceae, which also includes alders, hazels, and hornbeams.
See B and Birch
Bitcoin
Bitcoin (abbreviation: BTC; sign: ₿) is the first decentralized cryptocurrency.
See B and Bitcoin
Blackletter
Blackletter (sometimes black letter or black-letter), also known as Gothic script, Gothic minuscule or Gothic type, was a script used throughout Western Europe from approximately 1150 until the 17th century.
Boron
Boron is a chemical element; it has symbol B and atomic number 5.
See B and Boron
Byte
The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits.
See B and Byte
C (musical note)
C or Do is the first note of the C major scale, the third note of the A minor scale (the relative minor of C major), and the fourth note (G, A, B, C) of the Guidonian hand, commonly pitched around 261.63 Hz.
Capitalization
Capitalization (American English) or capitalisation (British English) is writing a word with its first letter as a capital letter (uppercase letter) and the remaining letters in lower case, in writing systems with a case distinction.
Carolingian minuscule
Carolingian minuscule or Caroline minuscule is a script which developed as a calligraphic standard in the medieval European period so that the Latin alphabet of Jerome's Vulgate Bible could be easily recognized by the literate class from one region to another.
See B and Carolingian minuscule
Chemical element
A chemical element is a chemical substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions.
Chromatic scale
The chromatic scale (or twelve-tone scale) is a set of twelve pitches (more completely, pitch classes) used in tonal music, with notes separated by the interval of a semitone.
CJK characters
In internationalization, CJK characters is a collective term for graphemes used in the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean writing systems, which each include Chinese characters.
Cnut
Cnut (Knútr; c. 990 – 12 November 1035), also known as Canute and with the epithet the Great, was King of England from 1016, King of Denmark from 1018, and King of Norway from 1028 until his death in 1035.
See B and Cnut
Code point
A code point, codepoint or code position is a particular position in a table, where the position has been assigned a meaning.
See B and Code point
Combining character
In digital typography, combining characters are characters that are intended to modify other characters.
Consonant
In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract, except for the h, which is pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract.
See B and Consonant
Consonant cluster
In linguistics, a consonant cluster, consonant sequence or consonant compound, is a group of consonants which have no intervening vowel.
Coptic script
The Coptic script is the script used for writing the Coptic language, the most recent development of Egyptian.
Cyrillic script
The Cyrillic script, Slavonic script or simply Slavic script is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia.
Danish language
Danish (dansk, dansk sprog) is a North Germanic language from the Indo-European language family spoken by about six million people, principally in and around Denmark.
Decibel
The decibel (symbol: dB) is a relative unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a bel (B).
See B and Decibel
Decimal
The decimal numeral system (also called the base-ten positional numeral system and denary or decanary) is the standard system for denoting integer and non-integer numbers.
See B and Decimal
Diacritic
A diacritic (also diacritical mark, diacritical point, diacritical sign, or accent) is a glyph added to a letter or to a basic glyph.
See B and Diacritic
Digraph (orthography)
A digraph or digram is a pair of characters used in the orthography of a language to write either a single phoneme (distinct sound), or a sequence of phonemes that does not correspond to the normal values of the two characters combined.
See B and Digraph (orthography)
Dot (diacritic)
When used as a diacritic mark, the term dot refers to the glyphs "combining dot above", because of rendering limitation in Android (as of v13), that its default sans font fails to render "dotted circle + diacritic", so visitors just get a meaningless (to most) mark.
Egyptian hieroglyphs
Egyptian hieroglyphs were the formal writing system used in Ancient Egypt for writing the Egyptian language.
See B and Egyptian hieroglyphs
Elder Futhark
The Elder Futhark (or Fuþark), also known as the Older Futhark, Old Futhark, or Germanic Futhark, is the oldest form of the runic alphabets.
English alphabet
Modern English is written with a Latin-script alphabet consisting of 26 letters, with each having both uppercase and lowercase forms.
English orthography
English orthography is the writing system used to represent spoken English, allowing readers to connect the graphemes to sound and to meaning.
English-speaking world
The English-speaking world comprises the 88 countries and territories in which English is an official, administrative, or cultural language.
See B and English-speaking world
Estonian language
Estonian (eesti keel) is a Finnic language of the Uralic family.
Etymology
Etymology (The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p. 633 "Etymology /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/ the scientific study of words and the way their meanings have changed throughout time".) is the scientific study of the origin and evolution of a word's semantic meaning across time, including its constituent morphemes and phonemes.
See B and Etymology
Ƀ
B with stroke (majuscule: Ƀ, minuscule: ƀ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, formed from ⟨B⟩ with the addition of a bar, which can be through either the ascender or the bowl.
See B and Ƀ
Faroese language
Faroese is a North Germanic language spoken as a first language by about 69,000 Faroe Islanders, of which 21,000 reside mainly in Denmark and elsewhere.
Fijian language
Fijian (Na vosa vaka-Viti) is an Austronesian language of the Malayo-Polynesian family spoken by some 350,000–450,000 ethnic Fijians as a native language.
Finnish language
Finnish (endonym: suomi or suomen kieli) is a Finnic language of the Uralic language family, spoken by the majority of the population in Finland and by ethnic Finns outside of Finland.
Flat (music)
In music, flat means lower in pitch.
Fraktur
Fraktur is a calligraphic hand of the Latin alphabet and any of several blackletter typefaces derived from this hand.
See B and Fraktur
French orthography
French orthography encompasses the spelling and punctuation of the French language.
Gemination
In phonetics and phonology, gemination (from Latin 'doubling', itself from gemini 'twins'), or consonant lengthening, is an articulation of a consonant for a longer period of time than that of a singleton consonant.
See B and Gemination
German orthography
German orthography is the orthography used in writing the German language, which is largely phonemic.
Germanic languages
The Germanic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family spoken natively by a population of about 515 million people mainly in Europe, North America, Oceania and Southern Africa.
Glyph
A glyph is any kind of purposeful mark.
See B and Glyph
Gothic alphabet
The Gothic alphabet is an alphabet used for writing the Gothic language.
Greek alphabet
The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early 8th century BC.
Gregorian mission
The Gregorian missionJones "Gregorian Mission" Speculum p. 335 or Augustinian missionMcGowan "Introduction to the Corpus" Companion to Anglo-Saxon Literature p. 17 was a Christian mission sent by Pope Gregory the Great in 596 to convert Britain's Anglo-Saxons.
Grimm's law
Grimm's law, also known as the First Germanic Sound Shift, is a set of sound laws describing the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) stop consonants as they developed in Proto-Germanic in the first millennium BC, first discovered by Rasmus Rask but systematically put forward by Jacob Grimm.
Halfwidth and fullwidth forms
In CJK (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean) computing, graphic characters are traditionally classed into fullwidth and halfwidth characters.
See B and Halfwidth and fullwidth forms
Hebrew alphabet
The Hebrew alphabet (אָלֶף־בֵּית עִבְרִי), known variously by scholars as the Ktav Ashuri, Jewish script, square script and block script, is traditionally an abjad script used in the writing of the Hebrew language and other Jewish languages, most notably Yiddish, Ladino, Judeo-Arabic, and Judeo-Persian.
Hexadecimal
In mathematics and computing, the hexadecimal (also base-16 or simply hex) numeral system is a positional numeral system that represents numbers using a radix (base) of sixteen.
Hiberno-Scottish mission
The Hiberno-Scottish mission was a series of expeditions in the 6th and 7th centuries by Gaelic missionaries originating from Ireland that spread Celtic Christianity in Scotland, Wales, England and Merovingian France.
See B and Hiberno-Scottish mission
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor.
Homoglyph
In orthography and typography, a homoglyph is one of two or more graphemes, characters, or glyphs with shapes that appear identical or very similar but may have differing meaning.
See B and Homoglyph
Humanist minuscule
Humanist minuscule is a handwriting or style of script that was invented in secular circles in Italy, at the beginning of the fifteenth century.
Icelandic language
Icelandic (íslenska) is a North Germanic language from the Indo-European language family spoken by about 314,000 people, the vast majority of whom live in Iceland, where it is the national language.
Illustrated Hieroglyphics Handbook
The Illustrated Hieroglyphics Handbook is part of a new genre of books focused on Egyptian hieroglyphs.
See B and Illustrated Hieroglyphics Handbook
Implosive consonant
Implosive consonants are a group of stop consonants (and possibly also some affricates) with a mixed glottalic ingressive and pulmonic egressive airstream mechanism.
Indo-European languages
The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent.
See B and Indo-European languages
Insular script
Insular script is a medieval script system originating from Ireland that spread to England and continental Europe under the influence of Irish Christianity.
International Phonetic Alphabet
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin script.
See B and International Phonetic Alphabet
ISO basic Latin alphabet
The ISO basic Latin alphabet is an international standard (beginning with ISO/IEC 646) for a Latin-script alphabet that consists of two sets (uppercase and lowercase) of 26 letters, codified in various national and international standards and used widely in international communication.
See B and ISO basic Latin alphabet
ISO/IEC 8859
ISO/IEC 8859 is a joint ISO and IEC series of standards for 8-bit character encodings.
Italian Renaissance
The Italian Renaissance (Rinascimento) was a period in Italian history covering the 15th and 16th centuries.
J
J, or j, is the tenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See B and J
K
K, or k, is the eleventh letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See B and K
Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
See B and Latin
Latin alphabet
The Latin alphabet, also known as the Roman alphabet, is the collection of letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language.
Latin beta
Latin beta (uppercase: Ꞵ, lowercase: β), is a letter of the Latin script.
See B and Latin beta
Latin script
The Latin script, also known as the Roman script, is a writing system based on the letters of the classical Latin alphabet, derived from a form of the Greek alphabet which was in use in the ancient Greek city of Cumae in Magna Graecia.
Letter (alphabet)
In a writing system, a letter is a grapheme that generally corresponds to a phoneme—the smallest functional unit of speech—though there is rarely total one-to-one correspondence between the two.
Letter case
Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (or more formally majuscule) and smaller lowercase (or more formally minuscule) in the written representation of certain languages.
Letter frequency
Letter frequency is the number of times letters of the alphabet appear on average in written language.
Letterpress printing
Letterpress printing is a technique of relief printing for producing many copies by repeated direct impression of an inked, raised surface against individual sheets of paper or a continuous roll of paper.
See B and Letterpress printing
Level (logarithmic quantity)
In science and engineering, a power level and a field level (also called a root-power level) are logarithmic magnitudes of certain quantities referenced to a standard reference value of the same type.
See B and Level (logarithmic quantity)
List of Egyptian hieroglyphs
The total number of distinct Egyptian hieroglyphs increased over time from several hundred in the Middle Kingdom to several thousand during the Ptolemaic Kingdom.
See B and List of Egyptian hieroglyphs
Loanword
A loanword (also a loan word, loan-word) is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language (the recipient or target language), through the process of borrowing.
See B and Loanword
Macron below
Macron below is a combining diacritical mark that is used in various orthographies.
Mandarin Chinese
Mandarin is a group of Chinese language dialects that are natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China.
Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols
Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols is a Unicode block comprising styled forms of Latin and Greek letters and decimal digits that enable mathematicians to denote different notions with different letter styles.
See B and Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols
Medieval Greek
Medieval Greek (also known as Middle Greek, Byzantine Greek, or Romaic) is the stage of the Greek language between the end of classical antiquity in the 5th–6th centuries and the end of the Middle Ages, conventionally dated to the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453.
Modern Greek
Modern Greek (Νέα Ελληνικά, Néa Elliniká, or Κοινή Νεοελληνική Γλώσσα, Kiní Neoellinikí Glóssa), generally referred to by speakers simply as Greek (Ελληνικά, italic), refers collectively to the dialects of the Greek language spoken in the modern era, including the official standardized form of the language sometimes referred to as Standard Modern Greek.
Musical notation
Musical notation is any system used to visually represent music.
Musical note
In music, notes are distinct and isolatable sounds that act as the most basic building blocks for nearly all of music.
Natural (music)
In modern Western music notation, a natural (♮) is a musical symbol that cancels a previous sharp or flat on a note in the written music.
Norman Conquest
The Norman Conquest (or the Conquest) was the 11th-century invasion and occupation of England by an army made up of thousands of Norman, French, Flemish, and Breton troops, all led by the Duke of Normandy, later styled William the Conqueror.
Old English
Old English (Englisċ or Ænglisc), or Anglo-Saxon, was the earliest recorded form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages.
Old English Latin alphabet
The Old English Latin alphabet generally consisted of about 24 letters, and was used for writing Old English from the 8th to the 12th centuries.
See B and Old English Latin alphabet
Old Italic scripts
The Old Italic scripts are a family of ancient writing systems used in the Italian Peninsula between about 700 and 100 BC, for various languages spoken in that time and place.
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.
See B and Oxford University Press
P
P, or p, is the sixteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See B and P
Phoenician alphabet
The Phoenician alphabet is an abjad (consonantal alphabet) used across the Mediterranean civilization of Phoenicia for most of the 1st millennium BC.
Phone (phonetics)
In phonetics (a branch of linguistics), a phone is any distinct speech sound or gesture, regardless of whether the exact sound is critical to the meanings of words.
Phoneme
In linguistics and specifically phonology, a phoneme is any set of similar phones (speech sounds) that is perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single distinct unit, a single basic sound, which helps distinguish one word from another.
See B and Phoneme
Pinyin
Hanyu Pinyin, or simply pinyin, is the most common romanization system for Standard Chinese.
See B and Pinyin
Portuguese orthography
Portuguese orthography is based on the Latin alphabet and makes use of the acute accent, the circumflex accent, the grave accent, the tilde, and the cedilla to denote stress, vowel height, nasalization, and other sound changes.
See B and Portuguese orthography
Pr (hieroglyph)
Pr (𓉐 Gardiner sign listed no. O1) is the hieroglyph for 'house', the floor-plan of a walled building with an open doorway.
Precomposed character
A precomposed character (alternatively composite character or decomposable character) is a Unicode entity that can also be defined as a sequence of one or more other characters.
See B and Precomposed character
Prenasalized consonant
Prenasalized consonants are phonetic sequences of a nasal and an obstruent (or occasionally a non-nasal sonorant) that behave phonologically like single consonants.
See B and Prenasalized consonant
Proto-Sinaitic script
The Proto-Sinaitic script is a Middle Bronze Age writing system known from a small corpus of about 30-40 inscriptions and fragments from Serabit el-Khadim in the Sinai Peninsula, as well as two inscriptions from Wadi el-Hol in Middle Egypt.
See B and Proto-Sinaitic script
Q
Q, or q, is the seventeenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See B and Q
Rune
A rune is a letter in a set of related alphabets known as runic alphabets native to the Germanic peoples.
See B and Rune
Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a subregion of Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples.
Scottish Gaelic
Scottish Gaelic (endonym: Gàidhlig), also known as Scots Gaelic or simply Gaelic, is a Goidelic language (in the Celtic branch of the Indo-European language family) native to the Gaels of Scotland.
Silent letter
In an alphabetic writing system, a silent letter is a letter that, in a particular word, does not correspond to any sound in the word's pronunciation.
Slavic languages
The Slavic languages, also known as the Slavonic languages, are Indo-European languages spoken primarily by the Slavic peoples and their descendants.
Small capital B
B, ʙ (small capital B) is an extended Latin letter used as the lowercase B in a number of alphabets during romanization.
Spanish orthography
Spanish orthography is the orthography used in the Spanish language.
Standard Chinese
Standard Chinese is a modern standard form of Mandarin Chinese that was first codified during the republican era (1912‒1949).
Thai baht
The baht (บาท,; sign: ฿; code: THB) is the official currency of Thailand.
See B and Thai baht
Turkish alphabet
The Turkish alphabet (Türk alfabesi) is a Latin-script alphabet used for writing the Turkish language, consisting of 29 letters, seven of which (Ç, Ğ, I, İ, Ö, Ş and Ü) have been modified from their Latin originals for the phonetic requirements of the language.
Uncial script
Uncial is a majusculeGlaister, Geoffrey Ashall.
Unicode
Unicode, formally The Unicode Standard, is a text encoding standard maintained by the Unicode Consortium designed to support the use of text in all of the world's writing systems that can be digitized.
See B and Unicode
Uralic Phonetic Alphabet
The Uralic Phonetic Alphabet (UPA) or Finno-Ugric transcription system is a phonetic transcription or notational system used predominantly for the transcription and reconstruction of Uralic languages.
See B and Uralic Phonetic Alphabet
V
V, or v, is the twenty-second letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See B and V
Ve (Cyrillic)
Ve (В в; italics: В в) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.
Voiced bilabial affricate
The voiced bilabial affricate (in IPA) is a rare affricate consonant that is initiated as a bilabial stop and released as a voiced bilabial fricative.
See B and Voiced bilabial affricate
Voiced bilabial plosive
The voiced bilabial plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages.
See B and Voiced bilabial plosive
Voiced labiodental affricate
The voiced labiodental affricate (in IPA) is a rare affricate consonant that is initiated as a voiced labiodental stop and released as a voiced labiodental fricative.
See B and Voiced labiodental affricate
Voiced labiodental fricative
The voiced labiodental fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages.
See B and Voiced labiodental fricative
X
X, or x, is the twenty-fourth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.
See B and X
Xhosa language
Xhosa, formerly spelled Xosa and also known by its local name isiXhosa, is a Nguni language, indigenous to Southern Africa and one of the official languages of South Africa and Zimbabwe.
Z
Z, or z, is the twenty-sixth and last letter of the Latin alphabet.
See B and Z
Zulu language
Zulu, or IsiZulu as an endonym, is a Southern Bantu language of the Nguni branch spoken and indigenous to Southern Africa.
References
Also known as ASCII 66, ASCII 98, B (letter), B quadratum, B rotundum, Silent b, U+0042, U+0062, \x42, .